Are fire risk assessments required by law ?

Yes, fire risk assessments are required by law in the UK.

Under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (often called the Fire Safety Order), a fire risk assessment is a legal requirement for all non-domestic premises in England and Wales, including workplaces, commercial buildings, public venues, and the communal areas of residential buildings with multiple homes (like blocks of flats).

Who is Responsible?

The law designates a “responsible person,” who is usually:

• The employer in a workplace;

• The owner or landlord of the premises;

• Or anyone else in control, such as a building manager.

This person must ensure that a suitable and sufficient fire risk assessment is carried out and kept up to date.

What Must the Assessment Cover?

A fire risk assessment must:

• Identify potential fire hazards;

• Determine who might be at risk;

• Evaluate and reduce fire risks;

• Implement and maintain fire safety measures;

• Provide training and information to staff;

• Plan for emergencies and ensure safe evacuation.

If there are five or more people employed, the fire risk assessment must be written down.

Enforcement and Penalties

Fire and Rescue Authorities enforce compliance. If a responsible person fails to meet the requirements, they can face:

• Fines;

• Enforcement notices;

• Prohibition notices (which can close premises);

• Prosecution, potentially leading to imprisonment.

Changes in Legislation

As of October 2023, the Fire Safety (England) Regulations 2022 added more specific responsibilities for high-rise and multi-occupied residential buildings, especially around information sharing and fire door checks.

Summary

Yes, fire risk assessments are a legal duty in the UK under fire safety legislation. They must be carried out by the responsible person for almost all buildings other than private homes and must be reviewed regularly to ensure continued safety and legal compliance.

https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities/fire-risk-assessments